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WHAT IS PUMICE?

Pumice, pumicite in Latin, contrary to popular belief, is not a stone, but is a light glass that forms by the sudden cooling of porous volcanic lava. The vapour dissolves during rapid solidification within the pumice, finding no time to crystallize due to abrupt cooling in volcanic areas, is released suddenly and forms its unique porous structure during eruption.

HOW DOES IT FORM?

There are magma pockets that form by partial melting of basalt in the depths of the earths crust. Under very high pressure, this magma normally absorbs all the substances that can be liquid or gas (H2O, CO2, F). Over time, the pressure on these magma pockets decrease with the effect of earthquakes. When an earthquake happens, a volcanic eruption begins and these gases spurt from inside the magma. As the gases are released, the adhesiveness of the magma increases rapidly and solidification heat rises. In this way, the magma froths, breaks apart and forms the substance we know as pumice. This substance scatters around with a very big gas explosion from the crater into the air.

PROPERTIES OF PUMICE

Acidic pumice, which is the most commonly found and used type on earth, is white and greyish in colour. On the other hand, basaltic pumice is a brownish-blackish pumice and is also known as scoria. Both types are very porous due to abrupt cooling and abrupt abandonment of the body by gases during formation. The pores are mostly not interconnected. The density of acidic magma is between 0,3 and 1 gr/cm3 which is less when compared to the basaltic one and varies between 1 and 2 gr/cm3. Pumice has very low heat and sound permeability because of its highly porous nature. It has a hardness of 5.5 - 6 on the Mohs scale. It bears no crystaline water in its structure. It contains up to 75% silica. In comparison with other lightweight aggregates, expanded clay, silica(glass) ,vermiculite,perlite , The Pumice stone is completely natural and produced without blasting, cooking and crushing or expanding.

THE HISTORY OF PUMICE

The earliest known reference to pumice stone was made in architectural summary by Vitruvio in 1st century BC. Vitruvio described the mass as lighter than water and therefore floating. He also stated that pumice stone didn’t absorb water and was hygienic. During the times of Ancient Rome, pumice stone was mostly used for the construction of thermal baths and temples. These works can still be seen today. The most distinct examples from that period are the Roman Pantheon and Hagia Sophia Church in Istanbul. After that period, pumice stone reappeared in the region of Goblens in Germany in 1800s. The use of pumice stone as a raw material for construction began in California in 1851. Since that period, it expanded into 15 states and 103 fields of application. The developments in technology in the last 20 years and the prevalence of environmental consciousness has opened the door for pumice stone to be used and expand into many sectors.